The thing about cervical cancer is that it’s entirely preventable through both vaccination and screening for precursor lesions. And yet, according to the Singapore Cancer Society, it is the second most common cause of cancer death in reproductive-aged women globally and in Singapore it is now the 10th commonest women’s cancer.
“There are two main types of cervical cancer categorised based on types of cells lining the cervix—squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Majority of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinoma,” says Dr Goh Lit Ching, a resident doctor at DTAP Clinic. She says that pre-cancers and early cervical cancers are usually not symptomatic. However, over time, abnormal vaginal bleeding, unusual vaginal discharge, painful intracourse or pelvic pain may occur.
It is important to have a pap test even if you don’t have any unusual symptoms. The earlier abnormal cervical cells are detected, the sooner treatment can begin. Precancer or early stage cervical cancer is treated with surgery. Cancers in advanced stages of cervical cancer may require chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
It’s also crucial to get it treated lest complications occur.
“Cervical cancer may affect one’s fertility if more invasive treatment is needed to improve prognosis of survival for patients, including removal of part of the cervix or adjacent organs,” says Dr Goh.
However, there are common risk factors for cervical carcinoma that lifestyle changes can help to reduce. She explains which of these are.
Source: Her World
