Ask any dermatologist and you will agree that sunscreen is essential. But finding the best sunscreen isn’t easy—there’s a reason people hate it. Sunscreen is known for being irritating, chalky, greasy and generally annoying. It is even more complicated to choose an effective sunscreen that feels and looks good when the FDA is investigating common sunscreen ingredients.
The good news is that you will feel different about how you apply sunscreen. We asked dermatologists to share their favorite SPFs, and then our editors tested them to determine which formulas met our strict criteria. Before we get into our sunscreen reviews, let’s first discuss everything you need.
What’s the difference between chemical and physical sunscreen?
There are two types, mineral (also known by physical blockers), and chemical. Both protect your skin from sun damage, but the science behind them is quite different.
“Sunblocks, or physical sunscreens, work by sitting on top of your skin to reflect UV rays, whereas chemical sunscreens sink into your skin to absorb UV rays and convert them into heat,” says Shereene Idriss, M.D., a dermatologist in New York City. Chemical sunscreens also often include antioxidants that disarm free radicals—which cause UV-ray-based harm—and cut down damage to your skin cells.
Aside from the “sunscreen” and “sunblock” label, you can tell what type of protection you’re getting by taking a peek at the ingredients label. The ingredients label will be visible. titanium dioxide zinc oxide,You’re dealing with a physical sunscreen. Mineral blocks are said to be less irritating for sensitive skin. They work instantly and don’t require downtime before you can get in the sun. Chemical sunscreens, however, take around 20 to 30 minutes to properly start working. Physical blockers are thicker and more difficult for people to rub in.
Chemical formulas have a long history of being easier to use because they are easy to apply, and leave less white cast. In May 2019, the FDA proposed new regulations regarding chemical sunscreens. This was in response to growing safety concerns. The only two sunscreen ingredients that are officially safe for brands to use out of 16 approved sunscreen ingredients are the physical blockers. zinc oxide titanium dioxide. Meanwhile, PABA trolamine salticylateThey were deemed to be unsafe. FDA demanded more research about the 12 other chemicals found in chemical sunscreens. (Check out our guide to the top mineral sunscreens to see our favorites).
In January 2020, the FDA shared results of a clinical study that shows six of these ingredients—avobenzone, oxybenzone, octocrylene, homosalate, octisalate, octinoxate—enter the bloodstream after one application, which could potentially be associated long-term health issues. Chemical sunscreens have been criticized by environmentalists as well. They are often laden with chemicals that can cause skin cancer. oxybenzone octinoxateThey are harmful to coral reefs. These ingredients were officially banned from sunscreens in Hawaii beginning in 2021.
What level of sunscreen do dermatologists recommend for skin?
“I recommend a minimum of SPF 30 daily,” says Idriss, which is based on the recommendation from the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD). You should consider your concerns when choosing your SPF level. However, formula is not universal. “SPF 15 blocks 93% of UVB, whereas SPF 30 blocks 97%, and SPF 50 blocks 98%,” she says. “Although this increase may seem like a negligible gain in protection, if you are prone to sunburns or skin cancers, that little gain can make a world of a difference.”
It is also important to be mindful of how much you are applying. According to the AAD, most people only apply 25% to 50% of the recommended amount of sunscreen. To cover your entire body, you should use at least one ounce of sunscreen, or enough to fill a shotglass.
How long does sunscreen stay good?
“The FDA guidelines mandate that SPF directions must say to reapply every two hours when you are outdoors,” says Loretta Ciraldo, M.D., FAAD, a dermatologist in Miami. “Remember that the AAD recommends a three-pronged approach to sun protection that includes wearing sun-protective clothing, as well as trying to avoid sun exposure during the peak hours of 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. daily.”
Although waterproof options are great for sports and swimming, the FDA requires that these formulas be water- and sweat-resistant for no more than 80 minutes. Idriss suggests that you apply the sunscreen immediately after you get out of the water.
What’s the best sunscreen?
“The most important factor is that you will use the SPF regularly,” says Ciraldo, which cements derms’ stance on sunscreen: The best sunscreen for you is the one you will actually use. Here are the top sunscreens. GlamourBeauty editors and experts agree that they have not been disappointed.
Source: Glamour
